筛胸梳爪叩甲是我国南方地区重要的笋期害虫。研究了林间挖笋除虫、黑光灯诱杀及药剂防治3种方法对筛胸梳爪叩甲的控制效果。结果表明:3种技术措施均能显著降低该虫的危害率和虫口密度,其中药剂防治效果最明显。3 a持续挖笋除虫的防治效果达(22.76±3.90)%;每年单盏黑光灯年平均诱捕量可达(1 143.8±318.7)头,连续6 a的灯光诱杀可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(56.05±2.83)%降至防治后的(39.21±2.83)%;连续施用5%辛硫磷+3%毒死蜱颗粒剂3 a年可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(69.62±5.36)%降至(21.17±7.65)%,防治效果达(70.11±10.99)%。

Melanotus cribricollis is one of the most important pest insects damaging bamboo shoots in South China, and there were not any reports about its monitoring techniques yet. The techniques of food bait trapping, light trapping and sex pheromone trapping of M. cribricollis larva or adults in fields were studied. The results showed that corn seed was the most effective attractant toward M. cribricollis larva, and in average, 2.38 wireworm were captured by each corn-seed bait, suggesting that corn seed could be used as food bait for wireworm monitoring. Observation on the seasonal activity of M. cribricollis wireworms indicated that there were two peaks, April to May and September to October. M. cribricollis adults swarming from the soil started from late April and ended at the end of August, and the peak was between the middle of June to the early July. These results provide a reference for effective control of bamboo wireworms.

目的 筛选刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂植物源引诱剂，优化影响诱捕效果的因素，为2种早竹造瘿害虫植物源诱控技术的应用提供技术支撑。 方法 采用林间生物测定法比较7种候选引诱剂的引诱效果，比较3种悬挂高度和5种诱捕器类型对诱捕效果的影响，并监测刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂林间的种群动态。 结果 水杨酸甲酯原液、顺-3-己烯-1-醇原液和反-2-己烯醛1 000倍液作为引诱剂的诱捕器诱捕刚竹泰广肩小蜂数量分别为154.40±129.04、35.20±35.75、24.00±20.30头，显著高于对照组诱捕器的诱虫量（P<0.05）。反-2-己烯醛1 000倍液、顺-3-己烯-1-醇10 000倍液和β-紫罗兰酮1 000倍液作为引诱剂的诱捕器诱捕竹泰广肩小蜂数量分别为29.50±28.43、25.67±16.26、20.25±3.95头，显著高于对照组诱捕器的诱虫量（P<0.05）。冠层的上层和中层诱捕造瘿害虫的数量显著多于冠层的下层（P<0.05），而冠层的上层和中层诱捕造瘿害虫的数量差异不显著（P>0.05）。不同类型诱捕器诱捕造瘿害虫的数量差异显著（P<0.05），小船型诱捕器的诱虫量显著多于三角形诱捕器的诱虫量（P<0.05），而三角形诱捕器的诱虫量显著多于桶型诱捕器（P<0.05）、实蝇诱捕器（P<0.05）和夜蛾诱捕器的诱虫量（P<0.05）。 结论 4月下旬到5月上旬，使用水杨酸甲酯与顺-3-己烯-1-醇30:1比例的混合物作为引诱剂，在早竹冠层的中层或上层悬挂小船型诱捕器，能够诱捕到更多的刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂。